The article discusses the spacing of circles on the Smith chart, explaining how to achieve desired circle distributions by working backward from the chart to the z plane. It details the differences between complete and incomplete circles and the methods to space them uniformly using the inverse function. The author notes that typical Smith charts aim for a compromise between even spacing in both the w and z planes.

The article provides a mathematical derivation of the Smith chart, a tool used in electrical engineering, focusing on its properties as a Möbius transformation. It explains how various lines in the z-plane (right half-plane) map to circles in the w-plane, detailing the transformations of vertical and horizontal lines and discussing the implications for creating a usable Smith chart. The author notes that the spacing of these lines in the z-plane must be adjusted to achieve an evenly filled Smith chart.